Acta Med. 2010, 53: 73-77

https://doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2016.63

Regulatory T cells (Treg) and Their Roles in Immune System with Respect to Immunopathological Disorders

Kateřina Kondělkováa, Doris Vokurkováa, Jana Krejseka, Lenka Borskáb, Zdeněk Fialac, Ctirad Andrýsa

aCharles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
bCharles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
cCharles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

Received January 21, 2010
Accepted March 18, 2010

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress immune response, thereby maintaining homeostasis and self-tolerance. It has been shown that Tregs are able to inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production and play a critical role in preventing autoimmunity. Different subsets with various functions of Treg cells exist. Tregs can be usually identified by flow cytometry. The most specific marker for these cells is FoxP3, which is localized intracellulary. Selected surface markers such as CD25high (high molecular density) and CD127low (low molecular density) could serve as surrogate markers to detect Tregs in a routine clinical practice. Dysregulation in Treg cell frequency or functions may lead to the development of autoimmune disease. Therapeutical Treg modulation is considered to be a promising therapeutical approach to treat some selected disorders, such as allergies, and to prevent allograft rejection.

Funding

This study was supported by Research project, Ministry of Health, Czech Republic, No. 00179906 and Ministry of Education, Czech Republic, project No. MSM0021620812. Supported in part by the Grant of Charles University in Prague, School of Medicine Hradec Kralove, sponsored by Roche company.

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