Acta Med. 2025, 68: 160-166
https://doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2026.7
Health Literacy: Key to Self-Care in Diabetes & Hypertension
References
1. GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, et al. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Dec; 76(25): 2982–3021.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010>
<PubMed>
2. S. International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2013 Nov; 102(2): 147–8.
3. Ministerio de Salud. Análisis de Situación de Salud de Perú 2021 [Internet]. Minsa. 2023. 102–110 p. Available from: chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://bvs.minsa.gob.pe/local/MINSA/6279.pdf.
4. K, Van Den Broucke S, Fullam J, et al. Health literacy and public health: A systematic review and integration of definitions and models. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2012; 12(1): 80. Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/80.
<https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-80>
<PubMed>
5. Basagoiti I, Almendro C, Armayones MA, Bacigalupe J, et al. Alfabetizacion en Salud. De la información a la acción. In: Itaca, ed. El paciente y la alfabetizacion en Salud. 2012: 65–77.
6. OMS. Alfabetización en materia de salud [Internet]. OMS/CENTRO DE PRENSA. 2024 [cited 2024 Sep 1]. Available from: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/health-literacy.
7. B, Jaarsma T, Strömberg A. A middle-range theory of self-care of chronic illness. Adv Nurs Sci. 2012; 35(3): 194–204.
<https://doi.org/10.1097/ANS.0b013e318261b1ba>
8. A, Gahr A, Hermanns N, Kulzer B, Huber J, Haak T. The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ): development and evaluation of an instrument to assess diabetes self-care activities associated with glycaemic control. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2013; 11(1): 138.
<https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-11-138>
<PubMed>
9. VV, Lee C, Yehle KS, Abel WM, Riegel B. Psychometric Testing of the Self-care of Hypertension Inventory: Conceptual Challenges to Collaborative Care. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2017; 32(5): 431–8.
<https://doi.org/10.1097/JCN.0000000000000364>
10. E del P, Bautista Arellano LR, Robles Gónzalez JR. Validez y confiabilidad del Self-Care of Hypertension Inventory versión español colombiano. Av en Enfermería. 2021; 39(2): 215–24.
<https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v39n2.93312>
11. S, Serrano-Oviedo L, Martínez-García M, et al. Spanish version of the short European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire HLS-Q12: Transcultural adaptation and psychometric properties. PLoS One. 2024; 19 (2 February): 1–17.
<https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299736>
<PubMed>
12. J, Ratan ZA, Downie S, Hosseinzadeh H. The impact of health literacy interventions on glycemic control and self-management outcomes among type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. J Diabetes. 2023; 15(9): 724–35.
<https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13436>
<PubMed>
13. SH. Health literacy and diabetes self-care activities: The mediating effect of knowledge and patient activation. Int J Nurs Pract. 2021; 27(4): 1–6.
14. N, Valenzuela-Suazo S, Luengo-Machuca L. Self-care, health literacy and glycemic control in people with diabetes mellitus type 2. Cienc y Enferm. 2019; 25.
15. SH, Albatineh AN, Almajran A, Ziyab AH. Association of health literacy and other risk factors with glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in Kuwait: A cross-sectional study. Prim Care Diabetes. 2021; 15(3): 571–7.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2021.01.011>
16. PK, Hosseinzadeh H. Association of health literacy and diabetes self-management: A systematic review. Aust J Prim Health. 2019; 25(6): 526–33.
<https://doi.org/10.1071/PY19007>
17. XM, Zhai X, Hou BR. Adequacy of health literacy and its effect on diabetes self-management: A meta-Analysis. Aust J Prim Health. 2020; 26(6): 458–65.
<https://doi.org/10.1071/PY20079>
18. Ministerio de Salud. En el Perú, una de cada cuatro personas mayores de 15 años tiene obesidad. Nota de prensa. 2024: 1. Available from: https://www.gob.pe/institucion/minsa/noticias/1040352-en-el-peru-una-de-cada-cuatro-personas-mayores-de-15-anos-tiene-obesidad.
19. American Diabetes Association. 1. Improving Care and Promoting Health in Populations: Standards of Care in Diabetes – 2025. Diabetes Care. 2025; 48(Supplement_1): S14–S26.
<https://doi.org/10.2337/dc25-S001>
<PubMed>
20. HG. The Influence of Nurse-Led Interventions on Diseases Management in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2024; 12(3): 352.
<https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12030352>
<PubMed>
21. A, Almutairi KM, Vinluan JM, et al. Association between self-care management practices and glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Saud Arabia: A cross – sectional study. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021; 28(4): 2460–5.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.047>
<PubMed>
22. OC, Ohenhen OA. Assessment of diabetes self-management amongst Nigerians using the diabetes self-management questionnaire: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J. 2021; 40: 178.
23. A, Benrazavy L. Diabetes Self-management and Its Related Factors among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Primary Health Care Settings of Kerman, Southeast Iran. J Pharm Res Int. 2019; 29(4): 1–9.
<https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2019/v29i430241>
24. N, Telli S, Temel B, Aştı T. Health literacy and diabetes self-care in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Turkey. Prim Care Diabetes. 2021; 15(1): 74–9.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2020.06.009>
25. L. The Relationships Between Diabetes Self-Care, Diabetes Time Management, and Diabetes Distress in Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Sci Diabetes Self Manag Care. 2021; 47(4): 245–54.
<https://doi.org/10.1177/26350106211014438>
26. A, Mansour-Ghanaei R, Mansouri F. The Relationship Between Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Care Behaviors in Older Adults With Hypertension in the North of Iran. Heal Lit Res Pract. 2022; 6(4): e262–9.
27. M, Bayat F, Asadi Z, Afshari-Moshir F, Afshari M. Relationship between health literacy and self-care behaviors in hypertensive patients. J Educ Community Heal. 2020; 7(2): 89–96.
28. C, Lang J, Xuan L, Li X, Zhang L. The effect of health literacy and self-management efficacy on the health-related quality of life of hypertensive patients in a western rural area of China: A cross-sectional study. Int J Equity Health. 2017; 16(1): 1–11.
29. N, Seangpraw K, Ong-Artborirak P. Health Literacy, Self-Care Behaviors, and Biochemical Parameters Among Hypertensive Patients with Renal Complications in the Tai Lue Ethnic Community of Thailand. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2024; 20: 97–107.
<https://doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S450775>
<PubMed>
30. Z, Liu K, Or C, Chen J, Yan M, Wang H. An examination of the socio-demographic correlates of patient adherence to self-management behaviors and the mediating roles of health attitudes and self-efficacy among patients with coexisting type 2 diabetes and hypertension. BMC Public Health. 2020; 20(1): 1227.
<https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09274-4>
<PubMed>



