Acta Med. 2010, 53: 207-211

https://doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2016.78

Optimal Choice of Acetylcholinesterase Reactivators for Antidoral Treatment of Nerve Agent Intoxication

Jiří Bajgar

University of Defence in Brno, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, Department of Toxicology, Czech Republic

Received June 14, 2010
Accepted July 2, 2010

The studies dealing with mechanism of organophosphates (OP)/nerve agent action, prophylaxis and treatment of intoxications is a very hot topic at present. Though the research is very intensive, unfortunately, up to now, there is not universal or significantly better reactivator sufficiently effective against all nerve agents/OP when compared with presently available oximes (pralidoxime, methoxime, obidoxime, trimedoxime, HI-6). The use of the most effective reactivator (HI-6) using simple type of autoinjector (e.g. ComboPen) is strictly limited because of decomposition of HI-6 in solution. Thanks to better solubility it is clear that another salt of HI-6 (dimethanesulfonate, HI-6 DMS) is more convenient for the use as antidote against nerve agents in the autoinjector than HI-6 chloride (Cl). It was clearly demonstrated that reactivation potency of HI-6 DMS in comparison with HI-6 Cl in vivo was the same and bioavailability of HI-6 DMS is better than that of HI-6 Cl. Three chambered autoinjector allows administration of all three antidotes (atropine, reactivator, diazepam) simultaneously. Moreover, the content of chambers can be changed according to proposed requirements. Possible way to solve the problem of universal reactivator could be the use of two reactivators. Three chambered autoinjector is an ideal device for this purpose.

Funding

This work was supported by the Grant of the Ministry of Defence (FVZ 0000501).

References

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