Radioprotective Effects of Amifostine (WR-2721) or Cystamine on Radiation Damage and Its Repair in Rats Whole Body Exposed to Fission Neutrons

Kuna, Pavel; Dostál, Milan; Neruda, Otakar; Volenec, Karel; Vodička, Ivan; Navrátil, Leoš; Petýrek, Pavel; Svoboda, Václav; Šimša, Jan; Vávrová, Jiřina; Heřmanská, Jindřiška; Prouza, Zdeněk; Pitterman, Pavel; Listík, Evžen; Spurný, František; Knajfl, Josef; Podzimek, František; Špelda, Stanislav; Österreicher, Jan; Konrád, František; Havránková, Renata

doi:10.14712/18059694.2018.60

Acta Medica > Archive > 2004, Vol. 47 > Issue 1 > Radioprotective Effects of Amifostine…

Acta Med. 2004, 47: 19-23

https://doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2018.60

Radioprotective Effects of Amifostine (WR-2721) or Cystamine on Radiation Damage and Its Repair in Rats Whole Body Exposed to Fission Neutrons

Pavel Kuna^a, Milan Dostál^b, Otakar Neruda^b, Karel Volenec^c, Ivan Vodička^d, Leoš Navrátil^a, Pavel Petýrek^b, Václav Svoboda^e, Jan Šimša^b, Jiřina Vávrová^b, Jindřiška Heřmanská^f, Zdeněk Prouza^g, Pavel Pitterman^g, Evžen Listík^h, František Spurnýⁱ, Josef Knajfl^b, František Podzimek^b, Stanislav Špelda^b, Jan Österreicher^b, František Konrád^b, Renata Havránková^a

^aUniversity of South Bohemia, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Department of Radiology and Toxicology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
^bPurkyně Military Medical Academy Hradec Králové, Department of Radiobiology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
^cElla-CS, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
^dCharles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of Medical Biophysics, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
^eUniversity Hospital in Hradec Králové, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
^fCharles University in Prague, 2nd Medical Faculty, Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
^gThe State Office for Nuclear Safety, Prague, Czech Republic
^hInstitute of Nuclear Research Řež, a.s., Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
ⁱInstitute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Prague Czech Republic

Received September 1, 2003
Accepted October 1, 2003

Sulphur containing radioprotective drugs amifostine (gammaphos, WR-2721) or cystamine (disulfide of meracaptoethylamine) of Czechoslovak production were examined in whole body fission neutrons irradiated rats in the thermal column of reactor VVR-S. Using the split-dose technic the first sublethal neutron dose in the range 1–2 Gy was followed by second lethal exposures in the two time intervals (3 or 6 days) using whole body fission neutrons irradiations (3 days interval) or whole body γ-irradiations (6 days interval) for LD_50/30 evaluation within next 30 days survival observation. In other experiments the mean survival time (MST) in days was estimated in different rats group, when animals were whole body fission neutrons irradiated twice with 3-days interval using the total lethal doses of 4 or 5 Gy. Protected rats received amifostine (160 mg.kg^-1 i.p. and 200 mg.kg^-1 i.m.) or cystamine (40 mg.kg^-1 i.p. and 50 mg.kg^-1 i.m.), control rats obtained saline 20 min before beginning of irradiation in the amount of 0.5 ml.100 g^-1 of the rat,s body weight. Nonsignificant DRF value 1.13 for WR-2721 i.p. was calculated in survival studies in rats twice neutron irradiated with 3 days interval (DRF 1.04 for cystamine). Chemical protectors were administered before each neutron exposure. MST of twice neutron lethal iradiated rats was prolonged not regularly by radioprotectors tested. WR-2721 and cystamine i.m. were not able to increase 6 days reparation processes after sublethal 2 Gy fission neutrons whole body irradiated rats.