A Comparison of the Neuroprotective Efficacy of Pharmacological Pretreatment and Antidotal Treatment in Soman-Poisoned Rats

Kassa, Jiří; Krejčová, Gabriela; Samnaliev, Ivan

doi:10.14712/18059694.2019.15

Acta Medica > Archive > 2003, Vol. 46 > Issue 3 > A Comparison of the Neuroprotective…

Acta Med. 2003, 46: 101-107

https://doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2019.15

A Comparison of the Neuroprotective Efficacy of Pharmacological Pretreatment and Antidotal Treatment in Soman-Poisoned Rats

Jiří Kassa^a, Gabriela Krejčová^a, Ivan Samnaliev^b

^aPurkyně Military Medical Academy in Hradec Králové, Department of Toxicology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
^bMilitary Medical Academy in Sofia, Department of Experimental Toxicology, Sofia, Bulgaria

Received February 1, 2003
Accepted May 1, 2003

1. To study the influence of pharmacological pretreatment (PANPAL or pyridostigmine combined with biperiden) and antidotal treatment (the oxime HI-6 plus atropine) on soman-induced neurotoxicity, male albino rats were poisoned with a lethal dose of soman (54 (g/kg i.m.; 100% of LD₅₀ value) and observed at 24 hours and 7 days following soman challenge. The neurotoxicity of soman was evaluated using a Functional observational battery and an automatic measurement of motor activity. 2. Pharmacological pretreatment as well as antidotal treatment were able to eliminate some of soman-induced neurotoxic effects observed at 24 hours following soman poisoning. The combination of pharmacological pretreatment (PANPAL or pyridostigmine combined with biperiden) and antidotal treatment was found to be more effective in the elimination of soman-induced neurotoxicity in rats at 24 hours following soman challenge in comparison with the administration of pharmacological pretreatment or antidotal treatment alone. To compare both pharmacological pretreatments, the combination of pyridostigmine with biperiden seems to be more efficacious to eliminate soman-induced signs of neurotoxicity than PANPAL. 3. At 7 days following soman poisoning, the combination of pharmacological pretreatment involving pyridostigmine and biperiden with antidotal treatment was only able to completely eliminate somaninduced neurotoxic signs. 4. Thus, our findings confirm that the combination of pharmacological pretreatment and antidotal treatment is able not only to protect the experimental animals from the lethal effects of soman but also to eliminate most soman-induced signs of neurotoxicity in poisoned rats. The pharmacological pretreatment containing pyridostigmine and biperiden appears to be more efficacious to eliminate soman-induced neurotoxic sings than PANPAL.

Keywords

Soman, Functional observational battery, Motor activity, PANPAL, Pyridostigmine, Biperiden, Atropine, HI-6, Rats.

Funding

The study was supported by the Linkage Grant SST.CLG.978.337. The authors appreciate the financial support from Scientific and Environmental Affairs Division in Brussels.